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- Linux Meta-FAQ
-
- Version 3.07 June 11, 1994
-
-
- This is the Meta-FAQ for Linux. It is mainly a list of valuable
- sources of information. Check these sources out if you want to
- learn more about Linux, or have problems and need help. Lars
- Wirzenius (wirzeniu@cc.helsinki.fi) wrote the first version of
- this document, and it is now maintained by Michael K. Johnson
- (johnsonm@Sunsite.unc.edu). Mail me if you have any questions
- about this document.
-
- NOTE: Filenames in this article are for the tsx-11.mit.edu ftp
- site unless otherwise noted. (see below for names of more ftp
- sites). Files are usually located in similar places on other
- sites. The names are relative to the directory /pub/linux/ on
- tsx-11.
-
-
- What is Linux?
- Linux is an independent implementation of the POSIX operating
- system specification, with SYSV and BSD extensions, that has
- been written entirely from scratch. It has no proprietary
- code in it. Linux is freely distributable under the GNU
- Public License. It only works on IBM PC compatibles with an
- ISA or EISA bus and a 386 or higher processor. See the FAQ
- for more exact hardware requirements. The Linux kernel is
- written by Linus Torvalds (torvalds@kruuna.helsinki.fi) from
- Finland, and by other volunteers. Most of the programs
- running under Linux are generic Unix freeware, many of them
- from the GNU project.
-
-
- The Linux FAQ
- A collection of common problems and their solutions. Answers
- many questions faster than the net. Stored on many Linux ftp
- sites (docs/) and rtfm.mit.edu, the general archive site for
- all FAQs.
-
-
- The Linux HOWTO's
- These are somewhat like FAQ's, but instead of answering
- common questions, they explain how to do common tasks, like
- ordering a release of Linux, setting up print services under
- Linux, setting up a basic UUCP feed, etc. See
- sunsite.unc.edu, directory /pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/ for all the
- HOWTO's.
-
-
- Linux newsgroups
- There are several Usenet newsgroups for Linux. It is a good
- idea to follow at least comp.os.linux.announce if you use
- Linux. Comp.os.linux.announce is moderated by Matt Welsh and
- Lars Wirzenius. To make submissions to the newsgroup, send
- mail to linux-announce@tc.cornell.edu. You may direct
- questions about comp.os.linux.announce to Matt Welsh,
- mdw@sunsite.unc.edu
-
- The newsgroup comp.os.linux.admin is an unmoderated newsgroup
- for discussion of administration of Linux systems.
-
- The newsgroup comp.os.linux.development is an unmoderated
- newsgroup specifically for discussion of Linux kernel
- development. The only application development questions that
- should be discussed here are those that are intimately
- associated with the kernel.
-
- The newsgroup comp.os.linux.help is an unmoderated newsgroup
- for any Linux questions that don't belong anywhere else.
-
- The newsgroup comp.os.linux.misc is the replacement for
- comp.os.linux, and is meant for any discussion that doesn't
- belong elsewhere.
-
- In general, do not crosspost between the Linux newsgroups.
- The only crossposting that is appropriate is an occasional
- posting between one unmoderated group and
- comp.os.linux.announce. The whole point of splitting
- comp.os.linux into many groups is to reduce traffic in each.
- Those that do not follow this rule will be flamed without
- mercy...
-
-
- Other newsgroups
-
- Do not assume that all your questions are appropriate for a
- Linux newsgroup just because you are running Linux. Is your
- question really about shell programming under any unix or
- unix clone? Then ask in comp.unix.shell. Is it about GNU
- Emacs? Then try asking in gnu.emacs. Also, if you don't know
- another group to ask in, but think there might be, politely
- ask in your post if there is another group that would be more
- appropriate for your question. At least the groups comp.unix.
- {questions,shell,programming,bsd,admin}, and
- comp.windows.x.i386unix should be useful for a Linux user.
-
-
- The World-Wide Web
-
- Matt Welsh, mdw@sunsite.unc.edu, maintains the home WWW page
- for the Linux project. The URL is
- http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html
-
-
- The Linux Journal
-
- A new magazine called Linux Journal was recently launched. It
- includes articles intended for almost all skill levels, and
- is intended to be helpful to all Linux users. Subscriptions
- are 19 US Dollars worldwide. Subscription inquiries can be
- sent via email to subs@ssc.com or faxed to (U.S.)
- 1-206-527-3385 or mailed to Linux Journal, PO Box 85867,
- Seattle, WA 98145-1867 USA. Please do not send credit card
- numbers via email; the internet is not secure, and it is
- entirely possible that a technologically adept thief may
- steal your credit card number and cost you a large sum of
- money if you do.
-
-
- 0.1 Getting Linux
-
-
- 0.1.1 Linux FTP sites
-
- A more complete list of Linux FTP sites is in the Linux
- INFO-SHEET (docs/INFO-SHEET). The most important sites are
- listed here; please see the INFO-SHEET for a site nearer to you
- (there are many mirrors).
-
- textual name numeric addr Linux directory
- ======================= ============== ===============
- tsx-11.mit.edu 18.172.1.2 /pub/linux
- sunsite.unc.edu 152.2.22.81 /pub/Linux
- nic.funet.fi 128.214.6.100 /pub/OS/Linux
-
- These sites are the main ``home'' sites for Linux where most
- uploads take place. There are many mirror sites; please use the
- closest (network-wise) site to you.
-
-
- 0.1.2 Linux on BBS's
-
- Occasionally, someone posts a list of BBS's that have Linux
- available for download. Try them if you can't FTP. This list is
- available by ftp as docs/bbs.list at tsx-11. You may use ftpmail
- (described elsewhere in this document) to get this list if you
- have mail access, or ask a friend with internet access to get it
- for you.
-
-
- 0.1.3 Linux on physical media
-
- Linux is distributed on physical media, including floppies,
- CD-ROM, and tape, by several commercial vendors. Please read the
- distribution HOWTO, posted regularily to comp.os.linux.announce,
- and available for ftp at sunsite.unc.edu as
- /pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/distribution-HOWTO.
-
- Also check advertisements/* at tsx-11 for advertisements of
- other ways to get linux, including a list of people that will
- make copies for you at low prices. Also available there are
- advertisements for other commercial services related to Linux.
-
-
- 0.1.4 Commercial networks
-
- GEnie mirrors most of tsx-11 and sunsite. CompuServe has only
- very limited very old Linux archives.
-
-
- 0.1.5 Mailservers and such
-
- Sunsite offers ftp-mail service --- mail
- ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu.
-
-
- 0.2 Linux distributions (aka ``releases'')
-
-
- Linux is distributed by its author only as a kernel. Other
- people have put together ``distributions'' that can be used.
- These distributions pair the kernel as released by the author
- with software, to make a complete working package. Most releases
- include application programs as well as system software,
- providing ``one stop shopping'' for Linux.
-
- H.J. Lu (the Linux GCC maintainer) also has a set of disks,
- including a combined boot and rootdisk, and some additional
- disks with more programs. This package assumes you are already
- familiar with Linux. See directories packages/GCC/rootdisk and
- packages/GCC/basedisk on tsx-11.
-
- There are several distributions of Linux, which are available at
- various sites. Sunsite mirrors almost all the distributions in
- /pub/Linux/distributions. The recommended distributions are
- Slackware, MCC, and soon, Debian. These are all available for
- free over the internet, and some are also sold on floppies and
- CD-ROM's.
-
-
- 0.3 Linux mailing-lists
-
-
- Used mostly for discussion between developers of new features
- and testers of pre-release versions. See addresses in the FAQ.
- Many lists are based in the Mail-net system at Helsinki
- University of Technology. Send mail to
- linux-activists-request@niksula.hut.fi, and you will get mail
- explaining how to get any of the many ``channels'' available.
- Save this mail, as it tells you how to unsubscribe to the
- channels, and if you post annoying messages to the rest of the
- list complaining about not being able to get off the list
- (because you didn't follow instructions and save the mail
- telling you how to unsubscribe), you will likely be flamed for
- wasting international bandwidth and money.
-
-
- 0.4 Documentation for various programs
-
-
- Many programs come with some sort of documentation, often in a
- file called README or something similar. It is a VERY good idea
- to read them with care. It is boring to see (and answer)
- questions that are answered in the documentation.
-
-
- 0.5 More Documentation
-
-
- The Linux Documentation Project is working on a lot of
- documentation. Already, over 600 pages of book-style
- documentation has been released to the general public, and a
- large set of man pages has also been released, with more to
- follow. Check sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/docs/LDP for documents
- written by the LDP.
-
-
- 0.6 Keeping track of current releases
-
-
- New releases, programs, and ports are usually announced in
- comp.os.linux.announce. Finger torvalds@klaava.helsinki.fi to
- get some information about the current kernel (often long!).
-
-
- 0.7 The Linux Hardware Compatibility List
-
-
- Posted occasionally to comp.os.linux.announce, and found on the
- major Linux FTP sites (tsx-11:docs/compat.list). This list lists
- some of the devices and hardware that Linux currently supports.
- It's useful for anyone wanting to purchase or upgrade their
- system. Be aware that it cannot be complete, as there is more
- hardware out there than Linux users can own.
-
-
- 0.8 Legalese
-
-
- Trademarks are owned by their owners. Satisfaction not
- guaranteed. No warranties about this document. Void where
- prohibited.
-